Keysight Technologies, Inc. introduced measurement software designed to help engineers quickly and accurately characterize PAM-4 (pulse amplitude modulation with four amplitude levels) signals using ...

Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

In many ways, high-speed optical communications are following the path that wireless technology has blazed. Of course, optical and wireless networks use different technologies to deal with specific ...

A 10-MHz sinusoidal carrier wave of amplitude 10 mV is modulated by a 5-kHz sinusoidal audio signal wave of amplitude 6 mV. Find (a) the frequency components of the resultant modulated wave and (b) ...

Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

NHK has been studying a multi-level coded modulation scheme for expanding satellite transmission capacity. It can bring out the transmission performance of multi ...