Information theory provides a mathematical framework for quantifying information and uncertainty, forming the backbone of modern communication, signal processing, and data analysis. Central to this ...

If someone tells you a fact you already know, they’ve essentially told you nothing at all. Whereas if they impart a secret, it’s fair to say something has really been communicated. This distinction is ...

This is why statistical thermodynamics and Claude Shannon’s information theory are essentially the same theory: Shannon’s entropy, called information entropy, is a measure of how many states a system ...

Theoretical physicists use machine-learning algorithms to speed up difficult calculations and eliminate untenable theories—but could they transform what it means to make discoveries? Theoretical ...

Entropy is one of the most useful concepts in science but also one of the most confusing. This article serves as a brief introduction to the various types of entropy that can be used to quantify the ...