Abstract: We apply the innovations method to Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes. First, we calculate the covariance matrix of the innovation (i.e., the soft-decision input to the main decoder in ...

At the core of every AI coding agent is a technology called a large language model (LLM), which is a type of neural network ...

This study provides important evidence that negative affect is associated with slower cognitive processing in daily life, with findings replicated across three independent samples and supported by ...

In this work, we studied, formalized, and measured an important aspect of large language models (LLMs): their (in)ability to separate instruction from data in the inputs. Consider the following input ...

Ripples maintain time-locked occurrence across the septo-temporal axis and hemispheres while showing local phase coupling, revealing a dual mode of synchrony in CA1 network dynamics.

The term 5201314 has been widely used on social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok. It is often seen in captions, relationship statuses, and private DMs. The growing trend of digital slang can ...

Google’s new Gemini 3 AI model is beating the pants off OpenAI’s ChatGPT, and it’s embedded in an array of Google products — a threat that Microsoft can’t ignore. Three years ago, OpenAI jumpstarted ...

Every winter, India’s capital city turns into a gas chamber. There is a sharp spike in cases of people reporting respiratory complaints. Children’s schooling is disrupted. They can’t go out and play.

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Whether you're logging into your bank, health insurance, or even your email, most services today do not live by passwords alone. Now commonplace, multifactor authentication (MFA) requires users to ...