
Game theory | Definition, Facts, & Examples | Britannica
Nov 21, 2025 · This article describes some simple games, discusses different theories, and outlines principles underlying game theory. Additional concepts and methods that can be used to analyze and …
Development and basics of game theory | Britannica
Game theory was originally developed by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern in their book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944). In a typical game, or competition with fixed rules, …
Game theory - Strategies, Equilibrium, Payoffs | Britannica
Oct 31, 2025 · Game theory does not attempt to state what a player’s goal should be; instead, it shows how a player can best achieve his goal, whatever that goal is. Von Neumann and Morgenstern …
Game theory - Prisoners' Dilemma, Strategy, Economics | Britannica
Nov 21, 2025 · Game theory - Prisoners' Dilemma, Strategy, Economics: To illustrate the kinds of difficulties that arise in two-person noncooperative variable-sum games, consider the celebrated …
Definition, Example, Game Theory, & Facts - Britannica
Nov 14, 2025 · The basic prisoners’ dilemma is an imaginary situation in which two prisoners are accused of a crime. If one confesses and the other does not, the prisoner who confesses will be …
Game theory - Von Neumann, Morgenstern, Theory | Britannica
Nov 21, 2025 · All in all, game theory holds out great promise not only for advancing the understanding of strategic interaction in very different settings but also for offering prescriptions for the design of …
Chess - Development of theory | Britannica
Nov 7, 2025 · Chess theory consists of opening knowledge, tactics (or combinations), positional analysis (particularly pawn structures), strategy (the making of long-range plans and goals), and endgame …
Game theory - Strategies, Payoffs, Equilibrium | Britannica
Nov 21, 2025 · One well-known cooperative solution to two-person variable-sum games was proposed by the American mathematician John F. Nash, who received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1994 …
Rational choice theory | Definition, Examples, & Facts - Britannica Money
As its name suggests, game theory represents a formal study of social institutions with set rules that relate agents’ actions to outcomes. Such institutions may be thought of as resembling the parlour …
Nash equilibrium | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Game theory uses mathematics to model and analyze situations in which decisions are interdependent. While it can be used to model recreational games such as Monopoly or poker, it is often used to …